So first things first, the Acheron was considered "advanced" technology a LONG time ago. In "present times", it's not so much advanced, but reliable enough for enough Warmasters that Chaos as a whole have built more of them.
As for the Powers of Chaos document:
The character ships for the Despoilers are the "stats fit the model" we have been looking for!! Problem though, the Vengeful Spirit has no cool free upgrades and yet it's 20 pts more expensive than a standard Despoiler. Why? Is having an extra weapon slot when you redistribted the Launch Bay strength worth +20 pts when the firepower doesn't change at all? I would argue the base profile for the Spirit should be 400 pts like a Despoiler.
City of Light, way to cheap! Assuming you take the 420 Spirit as is now cost, with the amount of upgrades this ship posseses it should cost 500 pts! If you drop the Spirit to 400, then increase the cost of the City to 480 and I think it makes more sense.
Is the Wage of Sin too expensive? It's a Desolator (300 pts) with a bunch of Space Marine upgrades (worth 95 pts) and you decreased the lance range and added 4 Launch Bays for +35 pts. Is that reasonable?
Conqueror, I LOVE THIS SHIP'S PROFILE...... PICTURE!!! BUT it outguns the Planet Killer when both are firing both broadsides simultaneously. Tone it down, a lot, and increase its cost. It's WAY to friggin cheap.
Cerberus and Hectate, I like them, a lot. I saw it and I instantly added a box of Chaos Cruisers to my Christmas list

The Inferno is either too strong, or the Dev is too weak. But a 10 WB broadside at 60cm or 2 Lances at 60 cm seems to be a no brainer? Make the WB's 45cm range (or decrease the strength some) and you now have to make an interesting choice between the Dev and the Inferno.
These ships to me brings up an interesting point however, the Chaos Grand Cruisers. I feel whole heartedly the Chaos Grands are WAY to underpowered. The Cerberus KILLS the Executer in value (Cerberus: +8 WB's, +5cm speed, Executer: +2 hits, +1 shield, +1 turret. Pretty even so far right? WELL then add in the fact you need an extra cruiser to field the Executer. Hehe now it's not so even!). And the Retaliator vs. the Hectate (Hectate: already 35 points cheaper, +5cm speed, outranges by 15cm, +8 WB's, Retaliator: +2 hits, +1 shield, +1 Turret. I think Hectate has an advantage already without including the extra cruiser requirement!!!) So that's something I think needs to be changed.
Also, I think Chaos should get 1 Imp cruiser and four escorts per 750 pts. Mixed fleets of Chaos and Imp renegades would be really fun to fight against. If taking that option, maybe the Imp vessel should suffer from a -1 Ld? (Kinda like Pirate fleets?)
-Zhukov